Resumo: Este artigo analisa os projetos discutidos durante o governo de D. João (1808-1821) sobre o uso do trabalho de chineses e a introdução de novas culturas, e investiga o modo de vida de um grupo de chineses que viveu em Bananal, importante município do Vale do Paraíba cafeeiro. Além disso, discute os projetos relativos à mão de obra nas décadas de 1870 e 1880, focando os debates acerca da viabilidade do uso de chineses no Brasil. Para tal empreendimento, processos criminais e inventários são utilizados como fontes documentais.

Abstract: This article analyzes the projects discussed during the administration of D. João (1808-1821) regarding the use of the work of Chinese people and the introduction of new agricultural cultures and investigates the way of life and the insertion of a Chinese community that lived in Bananal, an important municipality in the Paraiba Valley. In addition, we discussed labor-related projects in the 1870s and 1880s, focusing on the debates about the viability of using Chinese in Brazil. For this project, we used criminal lawsuits and inventories, as well as other documentary sources that allowed us to investigate the presence of Chinese in Brazil in the 19th century.

RESUMO O Enquadramento dos Corpos Hídricos em Classes de Usos Preponderantes, de acordo com a Resolução Conama nº 357/2005, possibilita o estabelecimento de metas a serem alcançadas, ou mantidas, em um segmento de corpo d'água de acordo com seus usos preponderantes. Sua proposição é responsabilidade dos Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica, na Região Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro; o Comitê Piabanha definiu como prioridade o Enquadramento do Rio Piabanha. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo foi comparar em que medida o Enquadramento comporta-se como um processo de reabilitação da saúde dos rios. Busca-se construir um referencial teórico e definir diretrizes metodológicas para projetos de enquadramento de recursos hídricos. Nas conclusões, são destacadas cinco recomendações consideradas chave para o processo de enquadramento.

ABSTRACT The Framing of Water Bodies in Preponderant Uses Classes, according to Conama Resolution nº 357/2005, enables the establishment of goals to be achieved, or maintained, in a body of water according to its predominant uses. Its proposal is the responsibility of the River Basin Committees, in the Mountain Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro; The Piabanha Committee has set the Framing of the Piabanha River as a priority. In this sense, the objective of this article was to compare the extent to which the Framing behaves as a process of rehabilitation of river health. It seeks to build a theoretical approach and define methodological guidelines for water resources framing projects. In the conclusions, five recommendations that are considered key to the framing process are emphasized.

RESUMO O Enquadramento dos Corpos Hídricos em Classes de Usos Preponderantes, de acordo com a Resolução Conama nº 357/2005, possibilita o estabelecimento de metas a serem alcançadas, ou mantidas, em um segmento de corpo d'água de acordo com seus usos preponderantes. Sua proposição é responsabilidade dos Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica, na Região Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro; o Comitê Piabanha definiu como prioridade o Enquadramento do Rio Piabanha. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo foi comparar em que medida o Enquadramento comporta-se como um processo de reabilitação da saúde dos rios. Busca-se construir um referencial teórico e definir diretrizes metodológicas para projetos de enquadramento de recursos hídricos. Nas conclusões, são destacadas cinco recomendações consideradas chave para o processo de enquadramento.

ABSTRACT The Framing of Water Bodies in Preponderant Uses Classes, according to Conama Resolution nº 357/2005, enables the establishment of goals to be achieved, or maintained, in a body of water according to its predominant uses. Its proposal is the responsibility of the River Basin Committees, in the Mountain Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro; The Piabanha Committee has set the Framing of the Piabanha River as a priority. In this sense, the objective of this article was to compare the extent to which the Framing behaves as a process of rehabilitation of river health. It seeks to build a theoretical approach and define methodological guidelines for water resources framing projects. In the conclusions, five recommendations that are considered key to the framing process are emphasized.

ABSTRACT Greenhouse gases increased in concentrations over pre-industrial values by 257% for methane and 145% for carbon dioxide in 2016. Such increased levels are the main climate change drivers and may affect aquatic systems that accumulate and carry carbon to the ocean and the atmosphere. Additionally, these systems are sensitive to environmental changes since their physical, chemical and biological properties respond rapidly to changes. Therefore, this study focus on the greenhouse gases dynamic over an urban eutrophic tropical lagoon. Samplings were performed in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon by covering four periods in 2016 (April, June, October and December). Mean diffusive flux was −1,466.8 mg m-2 d-1 of carbon dioxide and 113.7 mg m-2 d-1 of methane. Regarding the bubbling, fluxes were 58.28 mg m-2 d-1 for methane and negligible for carbon dioxide (mean value of 5.01 mg m-2 d-1). Environmental parameters such as depth, water temperature and sediment particle size were strongly related to the fluxes. In conclusion, the region is a sink of carbon dioxide and a source of methane to the atmosphere. Additionally, the rivers discharge impacts the lagoon by generating a methane hotspot emission region.

In 2016, Brazil emitted 18.25 Tg of methane. Some of these emissions occur through continental aquatic ecosystems, locations of fate and accumulation of organic and inorganic matter. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the origin of organic matter in Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, an eutrophic, coastal and chocked lagoon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through the determination of n-alkanes and sterols compounds in the upper two centimeters of sediment and compare these data with methane ebullitive flux. The concentrations of n-alkanes varied between 2.43 and 25.82 µg g-1. C29 was predominant compound in most sites, but also with important petrogenic source evidenced by the occurrence of Unresolved Complex Misture. The total concentration of sterols ranged from 2.76 to 56.01 µg g-1. β-sitostanol was the most abundant compound and coprostanol was the most relevant at the sites under influence of domestic effluents. CH4 ebullitive flux averaged 199 mg m-2 d-1 in the dry period and 9.3 mg m-2 d-1 during the wet season. We conclude that the organic matter reaching Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon through the rivers discharge added or enriched with irregular sewage input and petroleum derivates are the main source of eutrophication and generate higher methane emissions to the atmosphere.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é entender o tráfico de coolies, os movimentos emigratórios da Índia e da China e a questão da diversidade de formas de trabalho compulsório em diversos espaços da América no século XIX. Pretende-se, ainda, realizar uma apreciação dos números da emigração de chineses e indianos para a América e a inserção dos primeiros em diversos espaços do continente, especialmente a partir da década de 1840 até o final do século XIX. Para finalizar, o artigo procura relacionar a crise da escravidão no espaço Atlântico, a reorganização do mercado mundial de mão de obra e as políticas imperiais de Portugal e Grã-Bretanha.

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the coolie traffic, emigration from India and China and the problem of diversity of the workforce in many places in America in the nineteenth century Its main goal is to understand the phenomenon of indentured labor, specially in Cuba and Peru. I intend to examine the figures of Indian and Chinese migrants in America, comparing with the figures of slave traffic. The article ends with an approach integrating the overthrow of slavery in the Atlantic, the reorganization of the world labor market and the imperial policies of Portugal and the United Kingdom.